diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 727b8af82..9832c6222 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 - Match page-list density to the layer tree and add subtle, reduced-motion-aware dialog transitions.
 - Fade in streaming Markdown list items and code lines without animating completed responses.
 - Vertically center shaped section titles and allow renaming a section by double-clicking its canvas label.
-- Load supported online fonts before revealing imported pages, preserve substituted text during editing, and shape canvas labels with bundled Inter typography.
+- Load supported online fonts before revealing imported pages, preserve substituted text during editing, and shape canvas labels with Inter typography and shared Arabic/CJK font fallback.
 - Upgrade CanvasKit to 0.41 and use immutable renderer paths through `PathBuilder`.
 - Upgrade direct model chat providers and transports to AI SDK 7 while retaining the local ACP execution path.
 - Localize file, clipboard, collaboration, chat, vectorization, storage, recovery, and component-library notifications in every supported language.
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
 ### Performance
 
 - Reduce pauses after repeated frame creation without leaving hidden property edits or popups active.
-- Reduce repeated text shaping and scene invalidation while moving and resizing objects.
+- Reduce repeated text shaping and scene invalidation while moving and resizing objects, and reuse fitting canvas labels during zoom.
 - Scope automation and Figma API layout reconciliation to graph nodes and parent containers actually changed by each mutation.
 - Keep rapid trackpad zoom reversals and effect-heavy document navigation responsive by cancelling obsolete reconstruction and reusing safe raster snapshots.
 - Show the FIG page list from a lightweight Kiwi scan before materializing the full document.
diff --git a/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/draw.ts b/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/draw.ts
index e5aba9bd4..3033a4fa1 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/draw.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/draw.ts
@@ -35,54 +35,47 @@ function drawSectionTitle(
   nested: boolean,
   overlays?: RenderOverlays
 ): void {
-  let layout = labelLayout('section', node.width * r.zoom, nested)
-  if (!layout) return
+  const initialLayout = labelLayout('section', node.width * r.zoom, nested)
+  if (!initialLayout) return
   const { background, foreground, border, hover } = sectionLabelColors(r, graph, node)
-  const metrics = r.labelParagraphCache.measure(
+  r.labelParagraphCache.use(
     r.ck,
     provider,
     node.name,
-    layout.fontSize,
-    layout.maxTextWidth,
+    initialLayout.fontSize,
+    initialLayout.maxTextWidth,
     foreground,
     r.fontGeneration,
-    layout.fontWeight
+    ({ paragraph, metrics }) => {
+      const layout = labelLayout('section', node.width * r.zoom, nested, metrics)
+      if (!layout) return
+      canvas.save()
+      try {
+        canvas.concat(labelScreenMatrix(labelTransform(node, graph, overlays?.rotationPreview), r))
+        r.auxFill.setColor(r.ck.Color4f(background.r, background.g, background.b, background.a))
+        const { x, y, width, height } = layout.bounds
+        const bounds = r.ck.RRectXY(
+          r.ck.LTRBRect(x, y, x + width, y + height),
+          SECTION_TITLE_RADIUS,
+          SECTION_TITLE_RADIUS
+        )
+        canvas.drawRRect(bounds, r.auxFill)
+        if (overlays?.hoveredNodeId === node.id) {
+          r.auxFill.setColor(hover)
+          canvas.drawRRect(bounds, r.auxFill)
+        }
+        r.auxStroke.setColor(border)
+        r.auxStroke.setStrokeWidth(1)
+        r.auxStroke.setPathEffect(null)
+        canvas.drawRRect(bounds, r.auxStroke)
+        r.auxFill.setColor(foreground)
+        canvas.drawParagraph(paragraph, layout.text.x, layout.text.y)
+      } finally {
+        canvas.restore()
+      }
+    },
+    initialLayout.fontWeight
   )
-  layout = labelLayout('section', node.width * r.zoom, nested, metrics)
-  if (!layout) return
-  canvas.save()
-  canvas.concat(labelScreenMatrix(labelTransform(node, graph, overlays?.rotationPreview), r))
-  r.auxFill.setColor(r.ck.Color4f(background.r, background.g, background.b, background.a))
-  const { x, y, width, height } = layout.bounds
-  const bounds = r.ck.RRectXY(
-    r.ck.LTRBRect(x, y, x + width, y + height),
-    SECTION_TITLE_RADIUS,
-    SECTION_TITLE_RADIUS
-  )
-  canvas.drawRRect(bounds, r.auxFill)
-  if (overlays?.hoveredNodeId === node.id) {
-    r.auxFill.setColor(hover)
-    canvas.drawRRect(bounds, r.auxFill)
-  }
-  r.auxStroke.setColor(border)
-  r.auxStroke.setStrokeWidth(1)
-  r.auxStroke.setPathEffect(null)
-  canvas.drawRRect(bounds, r.auxStroke)
-  r.auxFill.setColor(foreground)
-  r.labelParagraphCache.draw(
-    r.ck,
-    canvas,
-    provider,
-    node.name,
-    layout.fontSize,
-    layout.maxTextWidth,
-    foreground,
-    r.fontGeneration,
-    layout.text.x,
-    layout.text.y,
-    layout.fontWeight
-  )
-  canvas.restore()
 }
 
 export function drawComponentLabels(
diff --git a/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/paragraph-cache.ts b/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/paragraph-cache.ts
index 12d74c524..ccde57a33 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/paragraph-cache.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/canvas/labels/paragraph-cache.ts
@@ -7,15 +7,40 @@ import type {
   TypefaceFontProvider
 } from 'canvaskit-wasm'
 
-import { ResourceCache } from '#core/cache/resource'
+import type { Size } from '@open-pencil/scene-graph'
 
-interface LabelParagraphEntry {
-  paragraph: Paragraph
-  width: number
-  height: number
+import { ResourceCache } from '#core/cache/resource'
+import { resolveParagraphFontFamilies } from '#core/canvas/text/font-families'
+import { DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY } from '#core/constants'
+import { textHasFallbackScript } from '#core/text/coverage'
+import { detectTextDirection } from '#core/text/direction'
+import { weightToStyle } from '#core/text/fonts'
+import { missingGlyphOccurrences, type MissingGlyphOccurrence } from '#core/text/resolver'
+
+export type LabelParagraphMetrics = Readonly<Size>
+
+/** Borrowed only for the synchronous use() callback; do not delete or retain the paragraph. */
+export interface BorrowedLabelParagraph {
+  readonly paragraph: Paragraph
+  readonly metrics: LabelParagraphMetrics
+}
+
+export interface LabelFontOptions {
+  families?: (weight: number) => string[]
+  onMissingGlyphs?: (missing: readonly MissingGlyphOccurrence[]) => void
+}
+
+interface LabelParagraphEntry extends BorrowedLabelParagraph {
+  units: number
+  layoutWidth: number
+  reuseFrom: number | null
+  users: number
+  retired: boolean
 }
 
 const MAX_LABEL_PARAGRAPHS = 512
+const MAX_LABEL_TEXT_UNITS = 262_144
+const HARD_BREAK = /[\r\n\f\v\u0085\u2028\u2029]/u
 
 export function measureGlyphWidth(font: Font, text: string): number {
   let width = 0
@@ -23,12 +48,138 @@ export function measureGlyphWidth(font: Font, text: string): number {
   return width
 }
 
-export class LabelParagraphCache {
-  private readonly entries = new ResourceCache<string, LabelParagraphEntry>({
-    maxEntries: MAX_LABEL_PARAGRAPHS,
-    dispose: (entry) => entry.paragraph.delete()
+function retire(entry: LabelParagraphEntry): void {
+  entry.retired = true
+  if (entry.users === 0) entry.paragraph.delete()
+}
+
+function buildEntry(
+  ck: CanvasKit,
+  provider: TypefaceFontProvider,
+  text: string,
+  fontSize: number,
+  width: number,
+  color: Float32Array,
+  fontWeight: number,
+  fonts: LabelFontOptions
+): LabelParagraphEntry {
+  const style = new ck.ParagraphStyle({
+    maxLines: 1,
+    ellipsis: '…',
+    textDirection:
+      detectTextDirection(text) === 'RTL' ? ck.TextDirection.RTL : ck.TextDirection.LTR,
+    textAlign: ck.TextAlign.Left,
+    textStyle: {
+      color,
+      fontFamilies:
+        fonts.families?.(fontWeight) ??
+        resolveParagraphFontFamilies(DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY, weightToStyle(fontWeight)),
+      fontSize,
+      fontStyle: { weight: { value: fontWeight } as FontWeight }
+    }
   })
+  const builder = ck.ParagraphBuilder.MakeFromFontProvider(style, provider)
+  let paragraph: Paragraph
+  try {
+    builder.addText(text)
+    paragraph = builder.build()
+  } finally {
+    builder.delete()
+  }
+  try {
+    paragraph.layout(width)
+    if (fonts.onMissingGlyphs && textHasFallbackScript(text)) {
+      fonts.onMissingGlyphs(missingGlyphOccurrences(text, paragraph.getShapedLines()))
+    }
+    const longest = paragraph.getLongestLine()
+    let reuseFrom: number | null = null
+    // Labels stay physically left-aligned, including RTL text; unwrapped text keeps its origin.
+    // Never speculate with an extra unconstrained layout, or reuse hard-break/ellipsized text.
+    if (!HARD_BREAK.test(text) && !paragraph.didExceedMaxLines()) {
+      const intrinsic = Math.max(paragraph.getMaxIntrinsicWidth(), longest)
+      if (Number.isFinite(intrinsic) && intrinsic <= width) reuseFrom = intrinsic
+    }
+    return {
+      paragraph,
+      metrics: { width: Math.min(longest, width), height: paragraph.getHeight() },
+      units: text.length,
+      layoutWidth: width,
+      reuseFrom,
+      users: 0,
+      retired: false
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    paragraph.delete()
+    throw error
+  }
+}
+
+export class LabelParagraphCache {
+  private readonly entries: ResourceCache<string, LabelParagraphEntry>
   private fontGeneration = -1
+  private provider: TypefaceFontProvider | null = null
+
+  constructor(
+    maxEntries = MAX_LABEL_PARAGRAPHS,
+    private readonly maxTextUnits = MAX_LABEL_TEXT_UNITS,
+    private readonly fonts: LabelFontOptions = {}
+  ) {
+    this.entries = new ResourceCache({
+      maxEntries,
+      maxWeight: maxTextUnits,
+      weight: (entry) => entry.units,
+      dispose: retire
+    })
+  }
+
+  use<T>(
+    ck: CanvasKit,
+    provider: TypefaceFontProvider,
+    text: string,
+    fontSize: number,
+    maxWidth: number,
+    color: Float32Array,
+    generation: number,
+    consume: (entry: BorrowedLabelParagraph) => T,
+    fontWeight = 400
+  ): T {
+    if (generation !== this.fontGeneration || provider !== this.provider) {
+      this.clear()
+      this.fontGeneration = generation
+      this.provider = provider
+    }
+    const width = Math.max(1, maxWidth)
+    const base =
+      text.length <= this.maxTextUnits
+        ? `${fontSize}\0${fontWeight}\0${color[0]},${color[1]},${color[2]},${color[3]}\0${text}`
+        : null
+    const fitKey = `fit\0${base}`
+    const exactKey = `${width}\0${base}`
+    let entry: LabelParagraphEntry | undefined
+    if (base !== null) {
+      const fitting = this.entries.peek(fitKey)
+      // SkParagraph floors its SkScalar (float32) layout width before line breaking.
+      // This guards reuse only; pass the original width unchanged to native layout.
+      const fits =
+        fitting &&
+        fitting.reuseFrom !== null &&
+        (width === fitting.layoutWidth || Math.floor(Math.fround(width)) > fitting.reuseFrom)
+      entry = this.entries.get(fits ? fitKey : exactKey)
+    }
+    const cached = entry !== undefined
+    entry ??= buildEntry(ck, provider, text, fontSize, width, color, fontWeight, this.fonts)
+    entry.users++
+    try {
+      if (!cached) {
+        const key = entry.reuseFrom === null ? exactKey : fitKey
+        if (base === null || !this.entries.set(key, entry)) entry.retired = true
+      }
+      return consume(entry)
+    } finally {
+      entry.users--
+      if (entry.retired && entry.users === 0) entry.paragraph.delete()
+    }
+  }
 
   measure(
     ck: CanvasKit,
@@ -39,8 +190,18 @@ export class LabelParagraphCache {
     color: Float32Array,
     generation: number,
     fontWeight = 400
-  ): Pick<LabelParagraphEntry, 'width' | 'height'> {
-    return this.entry(ck, provider, text, fontSize, maxWidth, color, generation, fontWeight)
+  ): LabelParagraphMetrics {
+    return this.use(
+      ck,
+      provider,
+      text,
+      fontSize,
+      maxWidth,
+      color,
+      generation,
+      (entry) => entry.metrics,
+      fontWeight
+    )
   }
 
   draw(
@@ -56,59 +217,32 @@ export class LabelParagraphCache {
     y: number,
     fontWeight = 400
   ): number {
-    const entry = this.entry(ck, provider, text, fontSize, maxWidth, color, generation, fontWeight)
-    canvas.drawParagraph(entry.paragraph, x, y)
-    return entry.width
+    return this.use(
+      ck,
+      provider,
+      text,
+      fontSize,
+      maxWidth,
+      color,
+      generation,
+      (entry) => {
+        canvas.drawParagraph(entry.paragraph, x, y)
+        return entry.metrics.width
+      },
+      fontWeight
+    )
   }
 
   clear(): void {
+    this.provider = null
+    this.fontGeneration = -1
     this.entries.clear()
   }
 
   size(): number {
     return this.entries.size
   }
-
-  private entry(
-    ck: CanvasKit,
-    provider: TypefaceFontProvider,
-    text: string,
-    fontSize: number,
-    maxWidth: number,
-    color: Float32Array,
-    generation: number,
-    fontWeight: number
-  ): LabelParagraphEntry {
-    if (generation !== this.fontGeneration) {
-      this.clear()
-      this.fontGeneration = generation
-    }
-    const boundedWidth = Math.max(1, maxWidth)
-    const key = `${fontSize}\0${fontWeight}\0${boundedWidth}\0${Array.from(color).join(',')}\0${text}`
-    let entry = this.entries.get(key)
-    if (!entry) {
-      const style = new ck.ParagraphStyle({
-        maxLines: 1,
-        ellipsis: '…',
-        textStyle: {
-          color,
-          fontFamilies: ['Inter'],
-          fontSize,
-          fontStyle: { weight: { value: fontWeight } as FontWeight }
-        }
-      })
-      const builder = ck.ParagraphBuilder.MakeFromFontProvider(style, provider)
-      builder.addText(text)
-      const paragraph = builder.build()
-      builder.delete()
-      paragraph.layout(boundedWidth)
-      entry = {
-        paragraph,
-        width: Math.min(paragraph.getLongestLine(), boundedWidth),
-        height: paragraph.getHeight()
-      }
-      this.entries.set(key, entry)
-    }
-    return entry
+  textUnits(): number {
+    return this.entries.weight
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer.ts b/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer.ts
index eb3b66615..1ac2a7bbe 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer.ts
@@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ export class SkiaRenderer {
   subtreePictureCachePositionPreviewVersion = -1
   subtreePictureCacheFontGeneration = -1
   readonly labelCache = new LabelCache()
-  readonly labelParagraphCache = new LabelParagraphCache()
+  readonly labelParagraphCache = new LabelParagraphCache(undefined, undefined, {
+    onMissingGlyphs: (missing) => RendererFonts.resolveLabelFontCoverage(this, missing)
+  })
   readonly textPreparationCache = new TextPreparationCache()
   readonly tiledScene = new TiledSceneController()
   readonly profiler: RenderProfiler
diff --git a/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer/fonts.ts b/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer/fonts.ts
index d4b61cca2..cd30f7678 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer/fonts.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/canvas/renderer/fonts.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,30 @@ import {
 } from '#core/constants'
 import { fontManager } from '#core/text/fonts'
 import { prepareGraphFonts } from '#core/text/prepare'
-import type { FontResolutionSnapshot } from '#core/text/resolver'
+import {
+  fontCoverageDemand,
+  fontResolver,
+  missingGlyphsByScript,
+  type MissingGlyphOccurrence,
+  type FontResolutionSnapshot
+} from '#core/text/resolver'
+
+export function resolveLabelFontCoverage(
+  r: Pick<SkiaRenderer, 'isDestroyed' | 'onFontResolutionSettled'>,
+  missing: readonly MissingGlyphOccurrence[],
+  resolver = fontResolver
+): void {
+  if (r.isDestroyed()) return
+  for (const [script, characters] of missingGlyphsByScript(missing)) {
+    const demand = fontCoverageDemand(script, characters)
+    const state = resolver.state(demand).state
+    if (state === 'loaded') resolver.exhaust(demand)
+    else if (state === 'idle' || state === 'loading') {
+      // No fake TEXT node: the shared settlement callback refreshes font generation and repaints.
+      void resolver.demand(demand, r.onFontResolutionSettled)
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 export function syncFontGeneration(r: SkiaRenderer): void {
   r.fontGeneration = fontManager.generation()
diff --git a/packages/core/src/canvas/text/font-families.ts b/packages/core/src/canvas/text/font-families.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e483047f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/src/canvas/text/font-families.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { uniq } from 'es-toolkit/array'
+
+import { ResourceCache } from '#core/cache/resource'
+import { DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY } from '#core/constants'
+import { fontManager } from '#core/text/fonts'
+
+const familiesCache = new ResourceCache<string, string[]>({ maxEntries: 256 })
+
+export function resolveParagraphFontFamilies(
+  primary: string,
+  style: string,
+  arabicFallbacks: readonly string[] = fontManager.getArabicFallbackFamilies(),
+  cjkFallbacks: readonly string[] = fontManager.getCJKFallbackFamilies()
+): string[] {
+  const renderPrimary = fontManager.renderFamily(primary, style)
+  const renderArabicFallbacks = arabicFallbacks.map((family) =>
+    fontManager.renderFamily(family, 'Regular')
+  )
+  const renderCJKFallbacks = cjkFallbacks.map((family) =>
+    fontManager.renderFamily(family, 'Regular')
+  )
+  const key = `${renderPrimary}\0${renderArabicFallbacks.join('\0')}\0${renderCJKFallbacks.join('\0')}`
+  const cached = familiesCache.peek(key)
+  if (cached) return cached
+  const families = [renderPrimary]
+  if (primary !== DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY) families.push(DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY)
+  families.push(...renderArabicFallbacks, ...renderCJKFallbacks)
+  const resolved = uniq(families)
+  familiesCache.set(key, resolved)
+  return resolved
+}
diff --git a/packages/core/src/canvas/text/index.ts b/packages/core/src/canvas/text/index.ts
index bd7ff1a77..169f9ef00 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/canvas/text/index.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/canvas/text/index.ts
@@ -6,17 +6,13 @@ import type {
   TextFontVariations,
   TypefaceFontProvider
 } from 'canvaskit-wasm'
-import { uniq } from 'es-toolkit/array'
 
 import type { SceneNode } from '@open-pencil/scene-graph'
 
-import { ResourceCache } from '#core/cache/resource'
 import { resolveRGBAForPreview } from '#core/color/management'
 import { DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY, DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE } from '#core/constants'
 import { transformTextCase } from '#core/text/case'
-import { fontFallbackScriptForCharacter } from '#core/text/coverage'
 import { resolveNodeTextDirection } from '#core/text/direction'
-import type { FontFallbackScript } from '#core/text/fallbacks'
 import { fontManager, weightToStyle } from '#core/text/fonts'
 import {
   fontCoverageDemand,
@@ -24,9 +20,11 @@ import {
   fontRemoteCoverageDemand,
   fontResolver,
   missingGlyphOccurrences,
+  missingGlyphsByScript,
   type FontResolutionSettled
 } from '#core/text/resolver'
 
+import { resolveParagraphFontFamilies } from './font-families'
 import type { ParagraphNode } from './paragraph-inputs'
 import type { PreparedText, TextPreparationCache } from './preparation-cache'
 
@@ -45,9 +43,6 @@ interface TextRenderer extends FontReadinessRenderer {
   fontsLoaded: boolean
 }
 
-const FONT_FAMILY_CACHE_LIMIT = 256
-const fontFamilyCache = new ResourceCache<string, string[]>({ maxEntries: FONT_FAMILY_CACHE_LIMIT })
-
 function demandFace(
   r: FontReadinessRenderer,
   node: SceneNode,
@@ -163,14 +158,9 @@ function observedGlyphReadiness(r: TextRenderer, node: SceneNode): NodeFontReadi
     return 'ready'
   }
 
-  const charactersByScript = new Map<FontFallbackScript, string[]>()
-  for (const { character, utf16Start } of missingOccurrences) {
-    const script = fontFallbackScriptForCharacter(character, languageForCharacter(node, utf16Start))
-    if (!script) continue
-    const characters = charactersByScript.get(script) ?? []
-    characters.push(character)
-    charactersByScript.set(script, characters)
-  }
+  const charactersByScript = missingGlyphsByScript(missingOccurrences, (offset) =>
+    languageForCharacter(node, offset)
+  )
 
   let pending = false
   let exhausted = charactersByScript.size === 0
@@ -277,32 +267,6 @@ function buildTruncateOpts(
   return opts
 }
 
-function resolveParagraphFontFamilies(
-  primary: string,
-  style: string,
-  arabicFallbacks: readonly string[],
-  cjkFallbacks: readonly string[]
-): string[] {
-  const renderPrimary = fontManager.renderFamily(primary, style)
-  const renderArabicFallbacks = arabicFallbacks.map((family) =>
-    fontManager.renderFamily(family, 'Regular')
-  )
-  const renderCJKFallbacks = cjkFallbacks.map((family) =>
-    fontManager.renderFamily(family, 'Regular')
-  )
-  const key = `${renderPrimary}\0${renderArabicFallbacks.join('\0')}\0${renderCJKFallbacks.join('\0')}`
-  const cached = fontFamilyCache.peek(key)
-  if (cached) return cached
-
-  const families = [renderPrimary]
-  if (primary !== DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY) families.push(DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY)
-  families.push(...renderArabicFallbacks, ...renderCJKFallbacks)
-
-  const resolved = uniq(families)
-  fontFamilyCache.set(key, resolved)
-  return resolved
-}
-
 function getParagraphTextAlign(
   ck: CanvasKit,
   node: Pick<SceneNode, 'textAlignHorizontal' | 'textDirection' | 'text'>
diff --git a/packages/core/src/text/coverage.ts b/packages/core/src/text/coverage.ts
index ab4ffbe79..473b8d695 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/text/coverage.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/text/coverage.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ function scriptCharRegex(script: FontFallbackScript): RegExp {
   }
 }
 
+export function textHasFallbackScript(text: string): boolean {
+  return ARABIC_CHAR_RE.test(text) || CJK_CHAR_RE.test(text)
+}
+
 export function fontFallbackScriptForCharacter(
   char: string,
   language?: string | null
diff --git a/packages/core/src/text/resolver/coverage.ts b/packages/core/src/text/resolver/coverage.ts
index 5a7ed0a73..f2b7ab3e2 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/text/resolver/coverage.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/text/resolver/coverage.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,21 @@ export interface MissingGlyphOccurrence {
   utf16Start: number
 }
 
+export function missingGlyphsByScript(
+  occurrences: readonly MissingGlyphOccurrence[],
+  languageAt?: (utf16Start: number) => string | null
+): Map<FontFallbackScript, string[]> {
+  const groups = new Map<FontFallbackScript, string[]>()
+  for (const { character, utf16Start } of occurrences) {
+    const script = fontFallbackScriptForCharacter(character, languageAt?.(utf16Start))
+    if (!script) continue
+    const characters = groups.get(script) ?? []
+    characters.push(character)
+    groups.set(script, characters)
+  }
+  return groups
+}
+
 export function missingGlyphOccurrences(
   text: string,
   lines: readonly ObservedShapedLine[],
diff --git a/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts
index 42a0bebcf..1ba461320 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,134 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+
 import type { SceneNode } from '@open-pencil/scene-graph'
 
 import { expect, test } from '#tests/e2e/fixtures'
 import { expectDefined } from '#tests/helpers/assert'
 import { CanvasHelper } from '#tests/helpers/canvas'
+import { mockFontsource } from '#tests/helpers/fonts/fontsource'
 
 test.use({ viewport: { width: 1440, height: 1000 }, deviceScaleFactor: 2 })
 
+test('reused Unicode section labels match fresh paragraphs across zoom reversals', async ({
+  page
+}) => {
+  const fonts = await mockFontsource(page, [
+    {
+      family: 'Noto Naskh Arabic',
+      subset: 'arabic',
+      data: readFileSync('public/NotoNaskhArabic-Regular.ttf')
+    },
+    {
+      family: 'Noto Sans SC',
+      subset: 'chinese-simplified',
+      data: readFileSync('tests/fixtures/fonts/NotoSansCJK-Test.otf'),
+      format: 'otf'
+    }
+  ])
+  try {
+    await page.goto('/?test&no-rulers&navigation-benchmark')
+    const canvas = new CanvasHelper(page)
+    await canvas.waitForInit()
+    await page.evaluate(() => {
+      const store = window.openPencil?.getStore?.()
+      if (!store) throw new Error('Editor unavailable')
+      const names = [
+        'Button',
+        'AV To ffi',
+        'Привет',
+        'Ελληνικά',
+        'écho café',
+        'مرحبا',
+        '你好',
+        'Trail   ',
+        'one\ntwo'
+      ]
+      for (const [index, name] of names.entries()) {
+        store.graph.createNode('SECTION', store.state.currentPageId, {
+          name,
+          x: 80,
+          y: 70 + index * 70,
+          width: 130,
+          height: 40,
+          fills: [{ type: 'SOLID', color: { r: 1, g: 1, b: 1, a: 1 }, opacity: 1, visible: true }],
+          strokes: [
+            {
+              color: { r: 0.7, g: 0.7, b: 0.7, a: 1 },
+              weight: 1,
+              opacity: 1,
+              visible: true,
+              align: 'INSIDE'
+            }
+          ]
+        })
+      }
+      store.clearSelection()
+      store.requestRender()
+    })
+    await expect
+      .poll(() =>
+        page.evaluate(() => {
+          const renderer = window.openPencil
+            ?.getStore?.()
+            .canvasRenderers.find((r) => r.fontsLoaded && r.fontProvider)
+          const provider = renderer?.fontProvider
+          if (!renderer || !provider) return false
+          return ['مرحبا', '你好'].every((text) =>
+            renderer.labelParagraphCache.use(
+              renderer.ck,
+              provider,
+              text,
+              11,
+              300,
+              renderer.ck.BLACK,
+              renderer.fontGeneration,
+              ({ paragraph }) => {
+                const runs = paragraph.getShapedLines().flatMap((line) => line.runs)
+                return (
+                  runs.length > 0 &&
+                  runs.every(
+                    (run) => run.glyphs.length > 0 && run.glyphs.every((glyph) => glyph !== 0)
+                  )
+                )
+              },
+              600
+            )
+          )
+        })
+      )
+      .toBe(true)
+    expect(fonts.counts.downloads).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2)
+    await canvas.waitForRender()
+    for (const zoom of [1.25, 0.6, 1.1, 0.75, 1]) {
+      await page.evaluate((scale) => {
+        const store = window.openPencil?.getStore?.()
+        if (!store) throw new Error('Editor unavailable')
+        store.setZoomAroundPoint(scale, 0, 0)
+      }, zoom)
+      await page.evaluate(() => window.openPencil?.test?.navigation?.waitForSettlement())
+      await canvas.waitForRender()
+      const reused = await canvas.screenshotCanvasRegion(520, 840)
+      await page.evaluate(() => {
+        const store = window.openPencil?.getStore?.()
+        if (!store?.canvasRenderers.length) throw new Error('Renderer unavailable')
+        for (const renderer of store.canvasRenderers) renderer.labelParagraphCache.clear()
+        store.requestRepaint()
+      })
+      await canvas.waitForRender()
+      const fresh = await canvas.screenshotCanvasRegion(520, 840)
+      expect(reused.equals(fresh), `label pixels at ${zoom} zoom`).toBe(true)
+      if (zoom === 1)
+        expect(fresh).toMatchSnapshot('unicode-section-labels.png', {
+          threshold: 0,
+          maxDiffPixels: 0
+        })
+    }
+    canvas.assertNoErrors()
+  } finally {
+    await fonts.dispose()
+  }
+})
+
 for (const rotation of [-145, -40, 50]) {
   test(`frame titles and dimensions remain readable at ${rotation} degrees`, async ({ page }) => {
     await page.goto('/?test&no-rulers')
diff --git a/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts-snapshots/unicode-section-labels-openpencil-darwin.png b/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts-snapshots/unicode-section-labels-openpencil-darwin.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bc30c07f4
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/e2e/canvas/label-anatomy.spec.ts-snapshots/unicode-section-labels-openpencil-darwin.png differ
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-fallback.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-fallback.spec.ts
index 0d7f321fa..39268c211 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-fallback.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-fallback.spec.ts
@@ -3,10 +3,15 @@ import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'
 import type { FontManager } from '#core/text/fonts'
 
 import { CanvasHelper } from '#tests/helpers/canvas'
+import { trackFontModuleResources } from '#tests/helpers/fonts/runtime'
+
+test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+  await trackFontModuleResources(page)
+})
 
 test('tool-created CJK text requests fallback through app font loading', async ({ page }) => {
   const canvas = new CanvasHelper(page)
-  await page.goto('http://localhost:1420/?test&no-chrome&no-rulers')
+  await page.goto('/?test&no-chrome&no-rulers')
   await canvas.waitForInit()
 
   const result = await page.evaluate(async () => {
@@ -68,7 +73,7 @@ test('tool-created CJK text requests fallback through app font loading', async (
 
 test('CJK text waits for fallback fonts and repaints after they load', async ({ page }) => {
   const canvas = new CanvasHelper(page)
-  await page.goto('http://localhost:1420/?test&no-chrome&no-rulers')
+  await page.goto('/?test&no-chrome&no-rulers')
   await canvas.waitForInit()
 
   const result = await page.evaluate(async () => {
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-rendering-visual.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-rendering-visual.spec.ts
index fe9f14ef9..5d28beef1 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-rendering-visual.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/fonts/cjk-rendering-visual.spec.ts
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@ import type { FontManager } from '#core/text/fonts'
 
 import { expect, test } from '#tests/e2e/fixtures'
 import { CanvasHelper } from '#tests/helpers/canvas'
+import { mockFontsource } from '#tests/helpers/fonts/fontsource'
+import { trackFontModuleResources } from '#tests/helpers/fonts/runtime'
 
 async function openEditor(page: Page): Promise<CanvasHelper> {
+  await trackFontModuleResources(page)
+  // These tests install fixture fonts explicitly; remote arrivals must not race those fixtures.
+  await mockFontsource(page, [])
   await page.goto('/?test&no-chrome&no-rulers')
   const canvas = new CanvasHelper(page)
   await canvas.waitForInit()
diff --git a/tests/engine/render/canvas/labels/fonts.test.ts b/tests/engine/render/canvas/labels/fonts.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..79c8b882e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/engine/render/canvas/labels/fonts.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+import { beforeAll, expect, test } from 'bun:test'
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+
+import { initCanvasKit } from '#cli/headless'
+import { LabelParagraphCache } from '#core/canvas/labels/paragraph-cache'
+import { resolveLabelFontCoverage } from '#core/canvas/renderer/fonts'
+import { resolveParagraphFontFamilies } from '#core/canvas/text/font-families'
+import { FontResolver, missingGlyphOccurrences } from '#core/text/resolver'
+
+import { expectDefined } from '#tests/helpers/assert'
+import { repoPath } from '#tests/helpers/paths'
+
+let ck: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof initCanvasKit>>
+beforeAll(async () => {
+  ck = await initCanvasKit()
+})
+
+test.each([
+  {
+    text: 'مرحبا بالعالم',
+    family: 'Noto Naskh Arabic',
+    path: 'tests/fixtures/fonts/NotoNaskhArabic-Regular.ttf',
+    arabic: true
+  },
+  {
+    text: '你好世界',
+    family: 'Noto Sans SC',
+    path: 'tests/fixtures/fonts/NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf',
+    arabic: false
+  }
+])('labels reuse shared fallback loading and render real $family glyphs', async (fixture) => {
+  const provider = ck.TypefaceFontProvider.Make()
+  provider.registerFont(readFileSync(repoPath('public/Inter-Regular.ttf')), 'Inter')
+  const release = Promise.withResolvers<undefined>()
+  const settled = Promise.withResolvers<undefined>()
+  let generation = 1
+  let loads = 0
+  let loaded = false
+  const resolver = new FontResolver(async () => {
+    loads++
+    await release.promise
+    provider.registerFont(readFileSync(repoPath(fixture.path)), fixture.family)
+    loaded = true
+    return true
+  })
+  const owner = {
+    isDestroyed: () => false,
+    onFontResolutionSettled: () => {
+      generation++
+      settled.resolve(undefined)
+    }
+  }
+  const families = () =>
+    resolveParagraphFontFamilies(
+      'Inter',
+      'Regular',
+      loaded && fixture.arabic ? [fixture.family] : [],
+      loaded && !fixture.arabic ? [fixture.family] : []
+    )
+  const fresh = new LabelParagraphCache(0, undefined, { families })
+  const cache = new LabelParagraphCache(undefined, undefined, {
+    families,
+    onMissingGlyphs: (missing) => resolveLabelFontCoverage(owner, missing, resolver)
+  })
+  const surface = expectDefined(ck.MakeSurface(320, 64), 'label font surface')
+  try {
+    cache.use(ck, provider, fixture.text, 24, 300, ck.BLACK, generation, ({ paragraph }) => {
+      expect(
+        missingGlyphOccurrences(fixture.text, paragraph.getShapedLines()).length
+      ).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+    })
+    cache.measure(ck, provider, fixture.text, 24, 300, ck.BLACK, generation)
+    expect(loads).toBe(1)
+    release.resolve(undefined)
+    await settled.promise
+    const canvas = surface.getCanvas()
+    canvas.clear(ck.WHITE)
+    cache.use(ck, provider, fixture.text, 24, 300, ck.BLACK, generation, ({ paragraph }) => {
+      expect(missingGlyphOccurrences(fixture.text, paragraph.getShapedLines())).toEqual([])
+      canvas.drawParagraph(paragraph, 2, 2)
+    })
+    surface.flush()
+    const image = surface.makeImageSnapshot()
+    try {
+      const pixels = expectDefined(
+        image.readPixels(0, 0, {
+          width: 320,
+          height: 64,
+          colorType: ck.ColorType.RGBA_8888,
+          alphaType: ck.AlphaType.Unpremul,
+          colorSpace: ck.ColorSpace.SRGB
+        }),
+        'label font pixels'
+      )
+      let ink = 0
+      for (let i = 0; i < pixels.length; i += 4) if (pixels[i] < 128 && pixels[i + 3] > 0) ink++
+      expect(ink).toBeGreaterThan(40)
+    } finally {
+      image.delete()
+    }
+    const intrinsic = cache.measure(ck, provider, fixture.text, 24, 300, ck.BLACK, generation).width
+    const shape = (candidate: LabelParagraphCache, width: number, weight: number) =>
+      candidate.use(
+        ck,
+        provider,
+        fixture.text,
+        24,
+        width,
+        ck.BLACK,
+        generation,
+        ({ paragraph, metrics }) => ({
+          metrics,
+          runs: paragraph.getShapedLines().map((line) =>
+            line.runs.map((run) => ({
+              glyphs: [...run.glyphs],
+              positions: [...run.positions],
+              offsets: [...run.offsets]
+            }))
+          )
+        }),
+        weight
+      )
+    for (const weight of [400, 600]) {
+      for (const width of [
+        300,
+        intrinsic - 1,
+        intrinsic,
+        intrinsic + 0.01,
+        intrinsic + 0.25,
+        intrinsic + 0.75,
+        intrinsic + 1,
+        intrinsic + 2,
+        300
+      ]) {
+        expect(shape(cache, width, weight)).toEqual(shape(fresh, width, weight))
+      }
+    }
+    expect(loads).toBe(1)
+  } finally {
+    release.resolve(undefined)
+    if (loads > 0) await settled.promise
+    cache.clear()
+    fresh.clear()
+    surface.delete()
+    provider.delete()
+  }
+})
diff --git a/tests/engine/render/canvas/labels/paragraph-reuse.test.ts b/tests/engine/render/canvas/labels/paragraph-reuse.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0eee692a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/engine/render/canvas/labels/paragraph-reuse.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, test } from 'bun:test'
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+
+import type { CanvasKit, Paragraph, ParagraphBuilder, TypefaceFontProvider } from 'canvaskit-wasm'
+
+import { initCanvasKit } from '#cli/headless'
+import { LabelParagraphCache } from '#core/canvas/labels/paragraph-cache'
+
+import { expectDefined } from '#tests/helpers/assert'
+import { repoPath } from '#tests/helpers/paths'
+
+let ck: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof initCanvasKit>>
+let provider: TypefaceFontProvider
+beforeAll(async () => {
+  ck = await initCanvasKit()
+  provider = ck.TypefaceFontProvider.Make()
+  provider.registerFont(readFileSync(repoPath('public/Inter-Regular.ttf')), 'Inter')
+  provider.registerFont(readFileSync(repoPath('public/Inter-SemiBold.ttf')), 'Inter')
+})
+afterAll(() => provider.delete())
+
+function withLabel<T>(
+  cache: LabelParagraphCache,
+  text: string,
+  width: number,
+  consume: (paragraph: Paragraph) => T
+): T {
+  return cache.use(ck, provider, text, 11, width, ck.BLACK, 1, ({ paragraph }) =>
+    consume(paragraph)
+  )
+}
+
+describe('label paragraph reuse', () => {
+  test('reuses fitting widths without re-layout and keeps ellipsis variants separate', () => {
+    const cache = new LabelParagraphCache()
+    try {
+      withLabel(cache, 'Button', 300, (first) => {
+        for (const width of [200, 100, 180, 301]) {
+          withLabel(cache, 'Button', width, (next) => expect(next).toBe(first))
+        }
+        withLabel(cache, 'Button', 5, (clipped) => {
+          expect(clipped).not.toBe(first)
+          expect(clipped.didExceedMaxLines()).toBe(true)
+        })
+        withLabel(cache, 'Button', 100, (next) => expect(next).toBe(first))
+      })
+      expect(cache.size()).toBe(2)
+    } finally {
+      cache.clear()
+    }
+  })
+
+  test('pins borrowed native paragraphs across nested eviction, clear and exceptions', () => {
+    const cache = new LabelParagraphCache(1)
+    let borrowed: Paragraph | undefined
+    try {
+      expect(() =>
+        withLabel(cache, 'First', 200, (first) => {
+          borrowed = first
+          withLabel(cache, 'Second', 200, (second) => {
+            cache.clear()
+            expect(first.isDeleted()).toBe(false)
+            expect(second.isDeleted()).toBe(false)
+          })
+          expect(first.isDeleted()).toBe(false)
+          throw new Error('consumer failed')
+        })
+      ).toThrow('consumer failed')
+      expect(borrowed?.isDeleted()).toBe(true)
+      expect(cache.size()).toBe(0)
+    } finally {
+      cache.clear()
+    }
+  })
+
+  test('bounds text units and disposes oversized paragraphs after consumption', () => {
+    const cache = new LabelParagraphCache(8, 10)
+    let transient: Paragraph | undefined
+    try {
+      withLabel(cache, 'First', 200, (paragraph) => expect(paragraph.isDeleted()).toBe(false))
+      withLabel(cache, 'Second', 200, (paragraph) => expect(paragraph.isDeleted()).toBe(false))
+      expect(cache.textUnits()).toBe(6)
+      withLabel(cache, 'Oversized label', 200, (paragraph) => {
+        transient = paragraph
+        expect(paragraph.isDeleted()).toBe(false)
+        expect(cache.textUnits()).toBe(6)
+      })
+      expect(transient?.isDeleted()).toBe(true)
+      expect(cache.size()).toBe(1)
+    } finally {
+      cache.clear()
+    }
+  })
+
+  test('invalidates on provider identity even when generation is unchanged', () => {
+    const other = ck.TypefaceFontProvider.Make()
+    const cache = new LabelParagraphCache()
+    try {
+      withLabel(cache, 'Provider', 200, (first) => {
+        cache.use(ck, other, 'Provider', 11, 200, ck.BLACK, 1, ({ paragraph }) => {
+          expect(paragraph).not.toBe(first)
+          expect(first.isDeleted()).toBe(false)
+        })
+      })
+      expect(cache.size()).toBe(1)
+    } finally {
+      cache.clear()
+      other.delete()
+    }
+  })
+
+  test.each(['addText', 'layout'])('releases native resources when %s throws', (stage) => {
+    const cache = new LabelParagraphCache()
+    let builder: ParagraphBuilder | undefined
+    let paragraph: Paragraph | undefined
+    const fail = () => {
+      throw new Error('native failure')
+    }
+    const kit: CanvasKit = {
+      ...ck,
+      ParagraphBuilder: {
+        ...ck.ParagraphBuilder,
+        MakeFromFontProvider: (...args) => {
+          const created = ck.ParagraphBuilder.MakeFromFontProvider(...args)
+          builder = created
+          if (stage === 'addText') created.addText = fail
+          else {
+            const build = created.build.bind(created)
+            created.build = () => {
+              const result = build()
+              paragraph = result
+              result.layout = fail
+              return result
+            }
+          }
+          return created
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    try {
+      expect(() => cache.measure(kit, provider, 'Failure', 11, 200, ck.BLACK, 1)).toThrow(
+        'native failure'
+      )
+      expect(builder?.isDeleted()).toBe(true)
+      if (stage === 'layout') expect(paragraph?.isDeleted()).toBe(true)
+      expect(cache.size()).toBe(0)
+    } finally {
+      cache.clear()
+      if (builder && !builder.isDeleted()) builder.delete()
+      if (paragraph && !paragraph.isDeleted()) paragraph.delete()
+    }
+  })
+
+  test.each([400, 600])(
+    'matches fresh layouts at Unicode/wrap boundaries (weight %i)',
+    (fontWeight) => {
+      const cached = new LabelParagraphCache()
+      const fresh = new LabelParagraphCache(0)
+      const surface = expectDefined(ck.MakeSurface(1024, 40), 'label comparison surface')
+      const canvas = surface.getCanvas()
+      const paint = (cache: LabelParagraphCache, text: string, width: number) => {
+        canvas.clear(ck.WHITE)
+        const metrics = cache.use(
+          ck,
+          provider,
+          text,
+          11,
+          width,
+          ck.BLACK,
+          1,
+          ({ paragraph, metrics }) => {
+            canvas.drawParagraph(paragraph, 2, 2)
+            return metrics
+          },
+          fontWeight
+        )
+        surface.flush()
+        const image = surface.makeImageSnapshot()
+        try {
+          return {
+            metrics,
+            pixels: expectDefined(
+              image.readPixels(0, 0, {
+                width: 1024,
+                height: 40,
+                colorType: ck.ColorType.RGBA_8888,
+                alphaType: ck.AlphaType.Unpremul,
+                colorSpace: ck.ColorSpace.SRGB
+              }),
+              'label pixels'
+            )
+          }
+        } finally {
+          image.delete()
+        }
+      }
+      try {
+        for (const text of [
+          'Button',
+          'AV To ffi',
+          '漢字',
+          'مرحبا بالعالم',
+          'אבג 123',
+          '👩🏽‍💻 🇯🇵',
+          'é',
+          'Trail   ',
+          '  Lead',
+          'a\tb',
+          'one\ntwo',
+          'one\r\ntwo',
+          'a\u2028b',
+          'a\u2029b',
+          'a\u0085b',
+          '\u202Babc\u202C',
+          '\u200Fabc',
+          'zero\u200Bwidth',
+          '',
+          '   '
+        ]) {
+          const intrinsic = fresh.use(
+            ck,
+            provider,
+            text,
+            11,
+            1000,
+            ck.BLACK,
+            1,
+            ({ paragraph }) => paragraph.getMaxIntrinsicWidth(),
+            fontWeight
+          )
+          for (const width of [
+            1000,
+            intrinsic + 1,
+            intrinsic + 1 / 64,
+            intrinsic,
+            intrinsic - 1 / 64,
+            intrinsic - 1,
+            1,
+            0,
+            -1,
+            120,
+            300
+          ]) {
+            const actual = paint(cached, text, width)
+            const expected = paint(fresh, text, width)
+            expect(actual.metrics, `${JSON.stringify(text)} at ${width}`).toEqual(expected.metrics)
+            expect(actual.pixels, `${JSON.stringify(text)} at ${width}`).toEqual(expected.pixels)
+          }
+        }
+      } finally {
+        cached.clear()
+        fresh.clear()
+        surface.delete()
+      }
+    }
+  )
+})
diff --git a/tests/helpers/fonts/fontsource.ts b/tests/helpers/fonts/fontsource.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a62ac1f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/helpers/fonts/fontsource.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import type { Page, Route } from '@playwright/test'
+
+interface FontsourceFixture {
+  family: string
+  subset: string
+  data: Buffer
+  format?: 'ttf' | 'otf'
+}
+
+/** Use real font bytes through the browser-enabled provider, without external network requests. */
+export async function mockFontsource(page: Page, fixtures: readonly FontsourceFixture[]) {
+  const counts = { downloads: 0 }
+  const entries = new Map(fixtures.map((fixture, index) => [String(index), fixture]))
+  const pattern =
+    /^https:\/\/(api\.fontsource\.org\/v1\/fonts(?:\/|$)|cdn\.jsdelivr\.net\/fontsource\/fonts\/openpencil-fixture-)/
+  const headers = { 'access-control-allow-origin': '*' }
+  async function handle(route: Route) {
+    const url = new URL(route.request().url())
+    if (url.hostname === 'cdn.jsdelivr.net') {
+      const fixture = entries.get(
+        url.pathname.slice('/fontsource/fonts/openpencil-fixture-'.length, -4)
+      )
+      if (!fixture) throw new Error('Unknown fixture font')
+      counts.downloads++
+      await route.fulfill({
+        body: fixture.data,
+        contentType: `font/${fixture.format ?? 'ttf'}`,
+        headers
+      })
+    } else if (url.pathname === '/v1/fonts') {
+      await route.fulfill({
+        headers,
+        json: [...entries].map(([id, fixture]) => ({
+          id,
+          family: fixture.family,
+          variable: false,
+          weights: [400],
+          styles: ['normal'],
+          subsets: [fixture.subset],
+          defSubset: fixture.subset
+        }))
+      })
+    } else {
+      const id = url.pathname.split('/').at(-1)
+      const fixture = id === undefined ? undefined : entries.get(id)
+      if (!fixture) throw new Error('Unknown fixture font metadata')
+      await route.fulfill({
+        headers,
+        json: {
+          unicodeRange: {},
+          variants: {
+            '400': {
+              normal: {
+                [fixture.subset]: {
+                  url: {
+                    [fixture.format ?? 'ttf']:
+                      `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/fontsource/fonts/openpencil-fixture-${id}.${fixture.format ?? 'ttf'}`
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      })
+    }
+  }
+  await page.route(pattern, handle)
+  return { counts, dispose: () => page.unroute(pattern, handle) }
+}
diff --git a/tests/helpers/fonts/runtime.ts b/tests/helpers/fonts/runtime.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f55a0d996
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/helpers/fonts/runtime.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import type { Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+const FONT_MODULE_RESOURCE_CAPACITY = 4096
+
+/** Preserve the loaded font module URL even when the dev module graph exceeds the browser's default buffer. */
+export async function trackFontModuleResources(page: Page): Promise<void> {
+  await page.addInitScript(
+    (capacity) => performance.setResourceTimingBufferSize(capacity),
+    FONT_MODULE_RESOURCE_CAPACITY
+  )
+}